One of the first steps in differentiating instruction for students is determining the various learning styles within the class. Having a basic knowledge of learning traits and multiple intelligence will enable a teacher to begin designing lessons strategically so that students will achieve greater success.
Three Traits of Learning
- The Three Senses of Learning
- The Two Types of Reasoning
- The Two Personalities of Learning
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#1 - The Three Senses of Learning |
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Auditory |
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Visual |
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Kinesthetic |
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Auditory learners are more successful acquiring information through listening than other methods. |
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Visual learners are more successful acquiring information through seeing, reading and visualizing than other methods. |
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Kinesthetic (Hands-on) learners are more successful acquiring information through working with the information than other methods. |
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Students learn better when:
- they hear a teacher verbally explain the information
- they read aloud |
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Students learn better when:
- they see the information or notes that are visual appealing
- they read information for themselves |
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Students learn better when:
- they write and practice the information personally
- they perform activities
- they use flash cards to study |
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#2 - The Two Reasoning Types |
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Deductive Reasoning |
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Inductive Reasoning |
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These students like to look at the big picture before learning all of the details. |
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These students like to look at the big picture before learning all of the details. |
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Students learn better when:
- they see the final product or expectation before beginning work
- they can work out the details for themselves |
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Students learn better when:
- they see the details written out in directions before beginning work |
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#3 - The Two Personalities of Learning |
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Intrapersonal |
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Interpersonal |
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These students like to work alone. |
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These students like working with others. |
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Students learn better when:
- they are given homework, reading and independent projects |
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Students learn better when:
- they are given in-class cooperative assignments, simulations and other group projects |
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Dr. Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences
Linguistic Intelligence ("Word Smart")
Logical-Mathematical Intelligence ("Number/Reasoning Smart")
Spatial Intelligence ("Picture Smart")
Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence ("Body Smart")
Musical Intelligence ("Music Smart")
Interpersonal Intelligence ("People Smart")
Intrapersonal Intelligence ("Self Smart")
Helpful Links
How to Study - Information about learning styles from How to Study.com.
Multiple Intelligence Articles - This is a New Horizons for Learning collection of multiple intelligence articles from leading educators including Howard Gardner himself.
Eight Ways of Knowing - Multiple Intelligence Applied - A website by the David Lazear Group that provides an educator's multiple intelligence resource center.
Multiple Intelligence Profiles - Walter McKenzie has provided a website on Multiple Intelligence in the Classroom. This section of the website provides explanations of each intelligence and how to utilize them in teaching.
Multiple Intelligence Domains - Walter McKenzie has provided a website on Multiple Intelligence in the Classroom. This section of the website provides a domain wheel for multiple intelligence with explanations how to employ them in lesson planning.
Multiple Intelligence - Information and resources about multiple intelligence by Thomas Armstrong.
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